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- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The study was based on new examinations of data collected by India’s Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
It launched in October 2008 and collected data while orbiting the moon for about a year.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
Chandrayaan-1 has already provided evidence of water on the moon. In September 2009, scientists published a study based on data from the Indian space mission.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The data showed the presence of molecules linked to water, as well as the substance hydroxyl.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The American space agency NASA describes hydroxyl (OH) as “a molecule made up of one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom with a free (unpaired)
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
electron.” It notes it is “one of the most reactive gases in the atmosphere” and can help break down other gases in the air.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The 2009 study suggested the water molecules identified by Chandrayaan-1 data were mainly found in the moon’s extreme northern and
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
Scientists said the data from that study showed most of the water probably existed in large craters near the poles where sunlight is blocked.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
But new examinations of the data show that water and hydroxyl molecules likely exist over much wider areas of the moon.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
In addition, the research suggests water is even present in areas of the moon receiving direct sunlight.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The instrument aboard Chandrayaan-1 that captured the molecule data is called the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3).
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
NASA built and operated the instrument. The space agency describes M3 as an “imaging spectrometer.”
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
A spectrometer is an instrument used to study the chemical composition and structures of substances.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
On the Chandrayaan-1 mission, the spectrometer aimed to map the mineral composition of materials on the moon’s surface.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
Researchers examined this data and centered their search on areas outside the lunar poles.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
They found that the sources of water and hydroxyl are believed to be contained in minerals on or just below the moon’s surface.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
Scientists involved in the research recently reported their results in a study published in the Planetary Science Journal
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The research was led by Roger Clark, a senior scientist at the Planetary Science Institute.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
In a press release announcing the findings, the researchers noted their discovery was made possible by data that the M3 instrument collected.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
They explained the instrument provides highly detailed data using imaging and infrared technologies.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The M3 instrument, for example, can identify 85 different colors in its examinations of mineral compositions.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
This compares to normal digital cameras, which generally only record three colors.
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The researchers said, “Just like we see different colors from different materials, the infrared spectrometer can see many (infrared) colors to better determine the
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
composition, including the water and hydroxyl."
- Public domaingeneral-american
Study: Water Sources on Moon More Widespread than Thought
The team noted the water might have resulted from heating of rocks and soil or from chemical reactions that combined different hydroxyls to produce water, as well as
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